Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Iroquois Homeobox Protein 2 Identified as a Potential Biomarker for Parkinson’s Disease

doi: 10.3390/ijms21103455

Figure Lengend Snippet: Confirmation of the expression of the newly identified gene, IRX2 , in neuronal cells containing dopaminergic neurons. ( A ) Characterization of neuronal cells containing dopaminergic neurons from healthy control (WT), LRRK2 G2019S familial (GS), and sporadic (SPD) PSCs. The neuronal marker (Microtubule-associated protein 2; MAP2) and the dopaminergic neuronal marker (Tyrosine hydroxylase; TH) were co-stained (scale bar 20 μm). ( B ) Relative expression levels of IRX2 (WT, 0.7100 ± 0.2900, n = 2; PD, 1.598 ± 0.1473, n = 5, p -value 0.0281) in familial/sporadic PD patient-derived neuronal cells containing dopaminergic neurons (PD) in comparison with normal control-derived cells (WT). ( C ) Determination of IRX2 in human fibroblast cells. Examination of IRX2 (WT, 1.033 ± 0.2582, n = 8; PD, 2.047 ± 0.3931, n = 8, p -value 0.0489) expression in familial/sporadic PD patient-derived fibroblast (PD) and healthy control fibroblast (WT) through qRT-PCR analysis. Data are mean ± standard error of means (SEM) of at least three independent experiments. p -values were analyzed using the unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test (* p < 0.05).

Article Snippet: Healthy fibroblasts (IMR90, MRC5, and CRL-2097) were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Control, Marker, Staining, Derivative Assay, Comparison, Quantitative RT-PCR, Two Tailed Test